Identify a common cause of brake fade in transport trailers.

Brake fade in transport trailers is commonly caused by excessive or prolonged braking. This phenomenon occurs when the brake system overheats due to continuous friction generated by the brake pads against the brake rotors. As the temperature rises, the efficiency of the brake system diminishes because the brake fluid may begin to vaporize, creating gas bubbles, or the brake pads may lose their effectiveness due to excessive heat.

When drivers apply the brakes for extended periods, such as when going downhill or during heavy braking, it can lead to this overheating scenario. It is essential for drivers to be aware of this risk and to employ techniques such as engine braking or intermittent braking to allow for cooling, thereby preventing brake fade.

Other factors listed, although they are important for overall vehicle safety and performance, do not directly cause brake fade. Insufficient tire pressure affects traction and tire wear; incorrect loading of cargo can influence vehicle stability and handling; and poor road conditions may affect overall driving safety but do not specifically lead to brake fade. Each of these conditions poses risks in different areas but does not primarily relate to the mechanism of brake fade as excessive or prolonged braking does.